Pneumatic tool



Jan. 6, 1931. F. M. SLATER 1,787,960

PNEUMATIC TOOL Filed March 3, 1928 IN VEN TOR.

1' 1? Mlatcn l1 BY H15 ATTORNEY -preferably of sutiicien t depth to Patented Jan. 6,

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us ssoxl OFFICE rnni) ia etarna or unseen; rnnnsYLvAnIA,assienoaare rncniasoLL-nAnn cor 7 rear, or JERSEY crrY, new messy, a ccaronarrcr or new JEnsnY PNEUMATIC TOOL Application filed March 3,

This invention relates to pneumatic tools,

' but more particularly to a sleeve adapted to be disposedabout-the cylinder of the tooito form an exhaust chamber into which the eressure fluid utilized for actuating the hammer piston may be exhausted.

= part of the specification and in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts,

Figure 1 1s a sectional elevation of a pneumatic tool constructed in accorda, ice with the practice of the invention, and

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the sleeve. Referring more particularly to the drawings, the invention is shown applied to a pneumatic tool having a cylinder'A inv which is disposed a hammer piston B for delivering blows of impact to a working implement C.

' The working implement G in this instance projects with its rearward end into the front end of the cylinder and is guided by a bushing D disposed in the front end of the cyl- Inder A to form a closure therefor. A free exhaust port E or as illustraterha series of such ports, are formed in the cylinder A intermediate its ends to convey the pressure fluid from both ends of the cylinder and are controlled only by the piston B. I

Ge. the rearward end of the cylinder A is threaded an extension or .hood F which m ay be an intr n iatwl. A bore G of the hood F into which the rearward end of tlleCyllIlClQlf A. extends is permit the sertion in the rearward end thereof of a valve plate H which forms a closure for the rearward end of the cylinder. The plate has diverging surfaces J and K which serve as seats for-a distributing valve L adapted to oscillate in a valve chamber O in the rearward end of the bore G.

Pressure fluid for actuating the tool may 'al portimi of a handle (not 7 shown) whereby the tool may be umuipu 192 s. Serial N6. 258,840.

be admitted into'the valve chamber 0 through a passage P and the 'admission of such pressure fluid into the rearward and front ends of the cylinder A is effected through inlet passages (a) and R- respectively.

ln'accordance with the present invent-ion, means areprovidedfor diffusing the'pressure fluid exhausted from the cylinder in order to prevent the directfio'w of such eX- haust to the atmosphere, with the resulting agitation of dust and dirt in the. vicinity of the drilling operation. To this end a sleeve S is disposed about the tool to form an exhaust chamber l around the cyhnder' adya cent the exhaust'ports 1 The sleeve VS. 13

splitlongitudinally from one endto the other as at U to provide an escape for the pressure 5 fluid from'the chamber T and to diffuse such pressure 'fiuid during, its passage'from the chamber to the atmosphere. In this way the exhaust fluid may escape along the entire length of the split'portion of the sleeve in.

stead, of being exhausted directly to the at:

mospherefrom the cylinder in a solid stream.

The sleeve S engages a cylindrical surface V onthecylinder-Aand may abut with its frontend a shoulder-VV adjacent the surface V for-preventing endwise movement of the-sleeve S ina forwardly direction. :Simi- 'larly, the rearwardendof the sleeve S which is of larger diameter than the forward end engages surface X on the hood F, said-surface F accordingly also being largei than the surfaceV and at the rearward end of said cylindrical surface isa shoulder Y which acts as an abutment for preventing movement of the sleeve S. in a rearwardly direction.

'Toassure the ready assembly of the sleeve "face may beat leastequa'l: to .the diameter of. the hood at any point between the surface and the frontend of the hood. i

'Sin the operative position, the diameter of In order toinsure agalnst unauthorized rotative' movement of the sleeves with re-' spect to theelement which it engages the ends of the sleeve are formed of slightly smaller diameters than those of the cylindrical surfaces V and X. By so doing it is necessary to distend the sleeve somewhat n'hencplacing it in its assembled position in order toenablethe endsof the sleeve to be disposed on the cylindrical surfaces, In this Way a tension Will be set up in the sleeveand v such tension Will be sufficient to maintain the sleeve'firmly on the cylindrical surfaces V and X in any position in whichiit may be placed on the cylinder. 7 I claim; a r In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a cylinder having a free exhaust port, a hood threaded ,on'the rear end of the cylinder,- a cylindrical surface on'the hood of a diameter atleast equal to the diameter of the hood at any point between said surface and the for-, Ward end of the hood, a cylindrical surface on the cylinder of smaller diameter than the first said cylindrical surface, the last said 4 cylindrical surfaeebeing of a diameter at least'equal to the diameter of the cylinder at any point between saidsurface and the rearend of the cylinder, a sleeve encircling. the cylinder to form an exhaust" chamber around the cylinder for the reception of exhaust fluid from the cylinder, said sleeve bel0 ing split longitudinally to difl'use the exhaust fluid during its passage from the chamber to the atmosphere, said sleeve having one'end of large diameter to engage the cylindrical surface on the hood and an end of smaller '35 diameter for engaging the cylindrical sur- 7 face on the cylindensaidends of the sleeve being of smaller diameter than the surfaces Which they engage to induce'a' tension in the sleeve suflicient to hold the'sle'eve in- 46 placed position, a shoulder on the cylinder acting as an abutment for the'small end of the sleeve to prevent endwise movement of the sleeve inthe forwardly'direction, and a shoulder on the hoodfactin'g as an abutment for thela-rge end of the sleeve to prevent end- 1 Wise movement of the sleevein the rearward- 1y direction. J I V V In testimony; whereof I' have signed this specification. r r g. 1 FRED MpSLATER. 

